The absence of viable sperm in the semen is called azoospermia. The absence of sperm in a man's ejaculate may be due to obstructed sperm ducts (obstructive azoospermia) or to a number of different non-obstructive reasons (non-obstructive azoospermia). In order to extract sperm in the case of azoospermia, it is necessary to distinguish between obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia. This is important in terms of the method to be used to search for sperm in the epididymis and testes.

TESA Method

In case of obstructive azoospermia, the TESA procedure is applied. The TESA procedure, called Percutaneous Testicular Sperm Aspiration, involves the insertion of a needle into the testicle and the extraction of small pieces of tissue. Then, sperm is searched for and aspirated from the tissue extracted.The TESA procedure, namely the epidydimal aspiration, poses a low risk of complications and local anesthesia is applied to our patients to prevent them from feeling pain during the procedure.

TESE - Micro TESE Method

Micro-TESE (Microsurgical testicular sperm extraction) is a method used only in case of non-obstructive azoospermia to find and extract sperm from sperm-producing tubules in testicles under a microscope. This method allows examining multiple tissue samples by removing a small testicular tissue via biopsy. Since a small testicular tissue is removed, damage to testicular blood vessels is minimized. These small testicular samples allow expert embryologists to find viable sperm easily with the use of high-powered optical magnification. In this context, using the Micro-TESE method makes it possible to aspirate viable sperms in more than 50% of patients suffering from non-obstructive azoospermia.